惯性导航技术的发展及其应用

Development of Inertial Navigation Technology and Its Applications

惯性导航技术,通过陀螺和加速度计测量载体的角速率和加速度信息,经积分运算得到载体的速度和位置信息。包括平台式惯导系统和捷联惯导系统。平台式惯导系统将陀螺通过平台稳定回路控制平台跟踪导航坐标系在惯性空间的角速度。捷联惯导系统利用相对导航坐标系角速度计算姿态矩阵,把雷体坐标系轴向加速度信息转换到导航坐标系轴向并进行导航计算。该技术的发展和应用趋势,以惯性导航和GPS卫星导航的组合导航最为典型。

The inertial navigation technology measured the angular rate sensor and acceleration information of carrier by using peg-top and accelerometer; after integral calculation, the speed and position information of carrier were acquired. The inertial navigation technology includes platform inertial navigation system and SINS. The platform inertial navigation system used peg-top to stabilize the loop through platform and control the angular speed of the platform track navigation coordinate system. The SINS adopted the angular speed of relative navigation coordination system to calculate gesture matrix; and the acceleration information of torpedo body coordinate system axis was transformed into navigation coordinate system axis and the navigation calculation was carried out. The typical application of the development and application tendency for this technology was the combination navigation of inertial navigation and GPS satellite navigation.