“自我解释”的类型、影响因素及产生机制

TYPE,INTERACTION AND MECHANISM OF SELF-EXPLANATION

自我解释是一种由自我产生并指向自我的知识建构活动。领域性知识、加工方式、引导角色及激励都会影响自我解释的发生。其产生机制主要有三种模型:空缺填补理论认为自我解释是学生发现自己的知识漏洞并对这些漏洞进行弥补的过程;产生推论及修复心理模型的双加工机制认为自我解释是对不完整文本进行推论和对不完整的心理模型进行修复的过程;拓展情境模式通过比较前两种模式,认为自我解释是修复个人已有的、存在缺陷的领域,在不替代原有心理模型的基础上加速该模型的改变。

Seli - explaining is a knowledge-constructed activity produced by oneself and directing to oneself. Domain knowledge, processing method, inductor and promoting can affect self-explanation. There are three models about self-explanation. Gap-filling hypothesis points out that self-explanation is the process of students researching for their knowledge hole and making up for these holes. The Dual Processes of generating Inferences and repairing mental models think that self-explanation is the process of making up for half-baked texts and half-baked psychology models compared with the previous two models, enriching situation model thinks that self-explanation can repair half-baked, old, individual domain and accelerate its change without replacing old psychology model.