超声诊断法对运动员心脏结构与功能的研究

Assessment of Cardiac Structure and Function in Athletes by Echocardiography

目的：探讨长期运动训练对运动员心脏形态、结构的影响，为进一步研究运动与心脏的关系提供新的科学依据。方法：运用彩色多普勒超声心动图仪，对运动组３１名和对照组２１名学生的左心室结构及功能进行检测。结果：左心室内径、左心室后壁运动幅度，运动组均大于对照组，有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）；左心室容积、每搏输出量，运动组也明显大于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；肺动脉最大流速、二尖瓣Ｅ峰与Ａ峰比值，运动组显著大于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；左心室心肌重量，运动组显著大于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：长期正规的运动训练，可使心脏的结构和功能发生明显的适应性改变。

Objective:To evaluate the long term effect of sports training on the left ventricular structure and function. Method:Left ventricular(LV) structure and function were assessed in the athlete group( n =31)and control group (n =21)by two dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. Results:①The LV end diastolic and systolic diameters,and the magnitude of LV posterior wall movement in the athlete group were larger than those in the control group( p <0.05).②The LV end diastolic and systolic volume,and stroke volume in the athletes were larger than those in the controls( p <0.01). ③The pulmonary arterial peak velocity and mitral E/A were larger in the atheletes vs.controls (p <0.05).④The LV mass in the athlete group was heavier than that in the control group( p <0.01). Conclusion:LV structure and function have adaptive changes by long term regular athletic trainings.