疟疾感染与单采血浆还输血细胞关系的研究

A Study of Relationship between Epidemic of Malaria and Plasmapheresis

本文探讨了永清县人群疟疾感染与供血的关系。在２４９例疟疾中，２４４例（９８．０％）为单采血浆还输血细胞（简称单采浆）供血者，５例（２．０％）为受血者。人群疟疾发病率与单采血浆率呈显著正相关，而与人群总供血率和供全血率无相关关系；不同年龄组人群疟疾发病率与该年龄组人群单采浆率呈显著正相关；病例对照调查结果表明，单采浆是疟疾发病的危险因素；单纯单采浆供血者疟疾发病率为３３．７％，既单采血浆又供全血者为１５．７６％，无供血史者为０．００１４％，单纯供全血者无人发病。对单采浆血站调查发现，在采血、离心分浆和血细胞还输过程中存在血液交叉污染环节，血站停业后疟疾疫情平息。认为永清县人群疟疾感染与单采浆有关。

This paper reported the investigative results of malaria in Yong qing county located on 39 degrees north latitude. Of 249 malaria cases, 244 (97.99%) were plasmapheresis donors and 5 (2.01%) were receptors of blood. It was found that plasmapheresis rates of the population in townships or villages were positively associated with incidence of malaria, the rates of alone whole blood and general blood donation (including plasmapheresis and whole blood) were negatively corelated with that. Among different age groups, plasmapheresis rates were positively corelated with attack rates of malaria. By case control study, plasmapheresis was a risk factor of infection. Of 533 donors with alone plasmapheresis, 180 (33. 7711%) were infected by malaria. Of 406 donors with both plasmapheresis and whole blood, 64 (15.7635%) suffered from malaria. No case occurred among 1096 whole blood donors. Of 354003 non-donors, 5 (0.0014%) were attacked and demonstrated as post-transfusion malaria. Cross-contamination of blood with return transfusion for donors were checked out in plasmapheresis stations. The epidemic was under control after closing the plasmapheresis stations. We think that this epidemic was related with plasmapheresis.