烯丙基硅烷的一步法合成研究

Study on the One-step Synthesis of Tetraallylsilane

采用一步合成方式,将3-溴丙烯与金属镁在以甲苯和供电子溶剂(乙醚或THF)构成的混合溶剂中进行反应,继而与四氯化硅反应,成功合成了四烯丙基硅烷,其产率在乙醚与3-溴丙烯的摩尔比为4(V甲苯/V乙醚=1·1)时达到极值,超过了91%。研究同时发现,选择THF代替乙醚时,同样在THF与3-溴丙烯的摩尔比为4(V甲苯/VTHF=1·7)时产率达到极值(63·12%)。本过程可提高产率,降低成本,是一条好的生产四烯丙基硅烷的路线。

Tetraallylsilane was synthesized by one-step approach through the reaction of silicon tetrachloride with the partially solvated Grignard reagents formed in situ from allyl bromide and magnesium in the mixed solvents of toluene and ether. The yield was 91% when the molar ratio of diethyl ether and allyl bromide was 4 （ meanwhile, V oluene/Vether = 1.1 ）. The yield was also around 63% when using THF instead of diethyl ether （ Vtoluene/VTHF = 1.7）. This one-step approach proved promising for the industrial production due to the high yield and the low cost.