“看”与“被看”的差异——比较鲁迅小说与莫言《檀香刑》中的“看客”

The Distinction Between "Looks" And "Being looked"——Compares The "play-looker" in Lu Xun's novel With Mo Yan's "Sandalwood Penalty"

“看客”是鲁迅小说中常见的人物群像,由此衍生出的“看”与“被看”二元结构是其基本主题模式。莫言《檀香刑》依循鲁迅的批判精神,把“看客”形象升华到了更高的艺术层次。比较分析二者笔下“看客”形象的异同,透过“看”与“被看”之间的权力关系,凸显“看客”形象的审美价值及其对于文学史的意义。

The group portrait of ＂play - looker＂ is the common character in Lu Xun＇ s novel, and the dual structure of ＂looks＂ and ＂being looked＂ which deduced by them is the basic subject pattern. Not to say Sandalwood Penalty＂ relies on Lu Xun ＇ s critique spirit, sublimated the image of ＂play - looker＂ to the higher artistic level. This article try to compare and analysis the same and difference of the ＂play - looker＂ between two texts, and penetrate＇the authority relation between ＂looks＂ and ＂being looked＂, to raise the image esthetic value and the significance of ＂play- looker＂ in the literal history.