文化景观研究回顾与展望

Review and Prospect of the Cultural Landscape Study

文化景观已被列为第4种世界遗产类型,虽然文化景观的研究取得了丰硕成果,但景观、文化景观和景观文化的基本概念仍未达成一致,阻碍了文化景观研究的深入。对文化景观的起源与变迁、感知与解释、构成与类型、保护与利用4方面的理论方法进行综述,认为国内外文化景观研究仍处于初步阶段,国内的研究不仅落后于自然景观,而且与国际研究水平有较大差距。建议从文化景观基础研究、方法研究、内容研究、研究氛围和注重对实际问题的解决5方面推动文化景观研究的深入。

It is a new challenge to us in the conservation and the development since the cultural landscape had been regarded the fourth type of the world heritage, Although the substantial achievements have been yielded during the last century in the research of the cultural landscape, the concepts of the landscape, the cultural landscape and the landscape culture cannot be gotten together, which prevents us to further research. A thorough re-review of cultural landscape is provided at home and abroad from four aspects： 1） origin and evolution; 2） perception and interpretation; 3） constitution and classification; 4） conservation and development. It shows that the study of the cultural landscape is still settled in the junior phase. Moreover, the study in China gets behind the natural landscape, and it is lower than the international study. Consequently, it can further the study of the cultural landscape in five ways： 1）the basic study of the cultural landscape;2）the method study of the cultural landscape;3） the content analysis of the cultural landscape;4） the atmospheric study of the cultural landscape; 5）paying attention to solve the practical problems.