气候变化与大麦生产

Climatic Changes and Barley Production

分析了新洋农场近14年来的气候变化,年平均气温达14.4℃,比1990年前24年提高了0.6℃,且有升幅逐渐加大趋向。近5年平均气温比1990年前提高了0.9℃。气温升高以冬季最明显。近14年11月中旬至3月中旬升温1.15℃,而极端最低气温的升幅比平均气温更大。降水量变化的最显著特点是变率增大,近14年降水量的变异系数为35.0%,前24年为22.3%。从种植区划、品种、播期、耕作制度、密度、抗灾、病虫草害防治、种植结构调整、品质控制和秸秆还田等方面提出了应变对策。

This paper had analysed the climatic changes last 14 years in Xinyang State Farm. Average air temperature in 1991 to 2004 is 14.4 ℃, it had increased 0.6 ℃ than in 1967 to 1990, and the increased range was larger and larger. The average air temperature in 2000 to 2004 had increased 0.9 ℃ than in 1967 to 1990. The rise of air temperature is more obvious in winter, air temperature had raised 1.15 ℃ from middle of Nov. to middle of Mar. last 14 years. The increased range of extreme minimum air temperature had larger than average air temperature. The obvious characteristic of precipitation changes is increase of variability. The coefficient of variation is 35.0 % in 1991 to 2004, and in 1967 to 1990, 22.3 %. The way on barley to dear with the climatic changes had been raised in plant divisions, varieties, sowing dates, cropping systems, densities, calamit resistances, pests and weeds control, adjust of planting schemes, quality control, straw returning to fields, etc.