不同栽培因子对地膜洋葱产量的影响

Effects of different cultivation factors on yield of plastic mulched onion

通过栽培时间、密度及肥料施用等栽培技术的试验研究，寻找地膜洋葱在当地取得高产的途径。结果表明，移栽时间、栽植密度、钾肥均为洋葱产量形成的相关因子，在甘肃中部地区，洋葱提早移栽可提高产量，但移栽过早易造成缺苗率和抽苔率的增高，影响产量，过晚移栽则易造成贪青晚熟，地膜洋葱适宜的移栽期为3月10～15日；适宜的栽培密度为2．93万株／667m^2；较为合理的氧化钾施用量为13．3～17．5kg／667m^2。几项技术综合采用，能获得8000kg／667m^2以上的高产。

The experiment was conducted to find the approaches of realizing high yield of onion by optimizing transplanting time, density and fertilizer application. The results showed that, in the central region of Gansu Province, the transplanting time, plant density and potassium application amount were the primary factors that restricted the yield of onion. Moderate advancing the transplanting time could increase the yield of onion. However, when seedlings were transplanted too early, the ratios of seedling survival and sprouting would be increased, and consequently, the yield was influenced; when the seedlings were transplanted too late, the harvesting time would be delayed. The Optimal transplanting date, plant density and K20 application amount of plastic mulched onion were March 10th to 15th, 29 300 plants/667m^2 and 13.3- 17.5 kg/667m^2, respectively. With the above integrated measures, the onion yield could be raised to more than 8 000 kg/667m^2.