旱作条件下氮肥处理对春小麦产量及生理特性的影响

Influence of nitrogen fertilizer on grain yields and physiological characteristics of dry-land spring wheat

以辽宁省春小麦主栽品种辽春10号为试材,研究了氮肥不同生育时期施用比例对产量的影响。研究结果表明,旱地春小麦适当施用种肥具有重要的增产作用,种肥氮素施用过少、不施或施用过多,都不能发挥品种的增产潜力。在合理施用种肥的基础上,于拔节期和开花期追施氮肥,有利于维持生育后期较大叶面积指数和旗叶较高叶绿素含量,进而提高光合性能,促进干物质积累以及光合产物更多向籽粒运转。

The influence of N fertilizer application ratio at different growth stages on grain yields of Liaochun No. 10, a variety of spring wheat grown widely in Liaoning Province, was studied under dry-land conditions. The results showed that N application at seeding stage had important effect on grain yield increase and the yield potential was restricted under no fertilizer, too little fertilizer or too much fertilizer. On the basis of proper N fertilizer application at seeding stage, additional applications of N fertilizer at jointing and anthesis stages were able to maintain high LAI and chlorophyll content in leaves at late growing stage, thus enhancing photosynthetic capacity, and promoting dry matter accumulation and transferring of photosynthetic products to kernels.