美国农业巨灾保险管理及其启示

Agricultural Catastrophe Insurance of the United States and Its Enlightenment

农业巨灾已经成为威胁全球的灾害事件。美国通过“特别灾害救助计划”、“巨灾风险保障机制”和其他办法积极开展农业巨灾保险,并且采取了财政、税收、再保险和紧急贷款,特别是农业巨灾证券化等手段来分散和转移农业巨灾风险。实践证明巧妙利用农业巨灾保险这种社会互助形式,基本建立农业经济“安全网”,可以起到稳定农业经济、提高国民整体福利水平的作用。这些为我国开展农业巨灾保险提供了有益的启示。

Agricultural catastrophe has become the global tragic affairs. The United States has tried ＂the Special Disaster Salvage Plan＂, ＂Catastrophic Risk Protection＂ and other ways to open catastrophe insurance for agriculture. And ways of finance, tax, reinsurance and urgent loan, especially the agricultural catastrophe insurance, in the form of stock, are adopted to scatter and transfer the risk of agricultural catastrophe. The practice proves that the skillful use of this kind of social mutual aid form of catastrophe insurance of agriculture to built up the ＂safe net＂ of village economy can stabilize the village economy and raise the overall welfare level of citizens. All this provides a beneficial enlightenment for our country.