金、元时期旬邑窑茶叶末瓷的研究

THE STUDY ON JIN AND YUAN DYNASTIES TEA DUST WARES FROM XUNYI KILN SITE

用ＰＯＭ，ＸＲＦ和ＸＲＤ等手段研究了金、元时期陕西旬邑茶叶末瓷的化学组成、物相组成，并与以往耀州和浑源唐代茶叶末瓷的研究结果对比。旬邑茶叶末瓷属耀州窑系，其釉的熔剂含量较高，主晶相为普通辉石和钙长石。胎质属粘土—石英—长石系，其Ａｌ２Ｏ３含量比耀州和浑源低。讨论了茶叶末釉烧成的物理化学基础和工艺要点，阐明了黑釉与茶叶末釉之间在工艺学上的密切关系和古代陶工在烧制黑釉时的困惑。

The chemical composition and phase components of the tea dust wares of Shanxi Xunyi in Jin and Yuan dynasties were studied with POM, XRF and XRD, and compared with the studied results of Yaozhou and Hunyuan tea dust wares. The Xunyi tea dust wares belonged to Yaozhou ware system, the flux in the glaze was fairly high, the main crystal phases were augite and anorthite. The body belonged to clay-quartz-feldspar system, its Al2O3 content was lower than that of Yaozhou and Hunyuan wares. The result could be taken as the reference for producting modern tea dust ceramics. The physico-chemical fundamental and the key technology of tea dust glaze in firing were discussed.The close relationship in technology between tea dust glaze and temmoku glaze and the confusion of the ancient potters in firing these glaze were demonstrated.