胸水细胞p53和K-ras基因突变对于肺癌的诊断价值

Diagnostic Value of p53 and K-ras gene mutation of pleural effusions in lung cancer

目的目的:研究p53和Kras基因在良恶性胸水细胞中的突变情况。方法研究组为34例伴有恶性胸水的肺癌患者,对照组为28例出现胸水的结核性胸膜炎和其他炎性胸膜炎患者。常规抽水胸水,提取胸水细胞DNA,采用PCRSSCP方法,分别对p53基因第7、8外显子和Kras基因第1、2外显子进行突变分析。结果研究组p53基因突变率为41.2%,而对照组只有7.1%,明显低于肺癌患者(P<0.05);研究组Kras基因突变率(32.4%)也明显高于对照组(3.6%)(P<0.05)。联合应用p53和Kras基因突变检测可将胸水细胞中肺癌阳性检出率提高至61.8%。结论p53和Kras基因突变是良恶性胸水鉴别诊断的潜在生物学指标。

Objective To study the p53 and k-ras mutation in benign and malignant pleural effusions. Methods Thirty-four pleura effusion specimens of lung cancer patients and twenty-eight pleural effusion specimens of benign lung disease patients were involved in this study. DNA were extracted from cells of pleural effusions and PCR-SSCP was employed to analyze the mutation of p53 exon 7 and 8 and K-ras exon 1 and 2.Results 41.2% （14/34） of lung cancer patients were detected to show p53 gene mutation in lung cancer patients,and only 7.1% （2/28） of benign disease showed p53 mutation,which is significantly lower than lung cancer. There was also a obviously difference in the mutation rate of K-ras gene in the two groups.If the p53 and K-ras gene mutation were combined used, the positive rate of lung cancer was elevated to 61.8%. Conclusion Mutant p53 and K-ras gene may be a valuable biomarker to distinct malignant from benign pleural effusions.