哀祭文的文体特点及在骈文和古文中表现之异同

The Stylistic Features of the Mourning Funeral Oration and the Similaritiesand Differences in its Application in Rhythmical Prose and Ancient Chinese Prose

哀祭文是指悼念死者或祭祀鬼神的文字。哀辞以悼童殇,吊文以慰亲属,诔文以彰德行,祭文用于典祀。本文试图通过对这一文体历史流变的述考,从文体学的角度结合具体文本认为其文体特点是:叙述事实纯正真实;运用文辞简洁核要;抒写感情哀伤缠绵。骈文哀祭文和古文哀祭文相同之处在于抒情性和实用性。不同之处表现在:1、渊源关系不同。2、语言形式不同。3、文体风格不同。4、对后世文风影响不同。

The mourning funeral oration is the type of literature which grieves for gods or ancestors. Mourning address is for lamenting the death of children, eulogy the deceased or offers sacrifice to is for consoling the relatives who are bereaved, funeral addresses for eulogizing the noble characters possessed by certain people, funeral address for sacrifice offered to the gods. Through the exploration of historical transition of the literary style of this kind, from the perspective of stylistics, this article, combining with the concrete texts, believes that the stylistic features of this literary type are： facts narrated pure and authentic , the words exerted being simple and concise and the emotions expressed is sorrowful and moving, similarities shared by rhythmical funeral mourning prose and the ancient Chinese mourning prose are lyrics and practicality, and The differences lie in the following four aspects： sources, linguistic forms, literary styles, and the impacts on the generations to come.