碳酸盐岩古岩溶储层模式及其特征

CARBONATE ROCK PALAEOKARST RESERVOIR MODE AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS

碳酸盐岩古岩溶与油气关系密切，其岩溶孔洞是油气富集的重要场所。为寻找与古岩溶有关的油气藏，除要了解古岩溶的埋藏部位和成因等因素外，还必须了解古岩溶孔洞的分布与古岩溶类型的关系。为此，通过研究，根据岩溶发育时岩层的产状和岩石团结程度，将碳酸盐岩古岩溶分为水平型古岩溶和褶皱型古岩溶两大类，进而根据溶岩类型将其分为水平型灰岩古岩溶、水平型白云岩岩溶和褶皱型灰岩古岩溶、褶皱型白云岩古岩溶等四种类型。为探索不同类型古岩溶储层的特征及其分布规律，在讨论了控制古岩溶储层发育的古气候、古地貌、岩性和古大地构造等条件的基础上，根据不同古岩溶类型的特点及其主控因素，归纳出了古岩溶储层分布的四种模式，并列举实例，论述了各种模式岩溶孔洞发育的类型、特征和分布规律。

arbonate rock palaeokarst is closely related to oil-gas,and the karst vugs are the important places of oil-gas enrichment. Besides understanding the factors of palaeokarst burial location,genesis etc.,the relation between palaeokarst vug distribution and palaeokarst types must be known to find the oil-gas reservoirs relative to palaeokarst.Through studying karst rocks statum occurrence and rock consolidated degree when developing,carbonate rock palaeokarst is divided into horizontal palaeokarst and fold palaeokarst;furthermore,in the light of karst patterns,it is divided into 4 types such as horizontal limestone karst, horizontal dolomite karst,fold limestone karst and fold dolomite karst.In order to probe the characteristics and distributive laws of the various karst reservoirs, based on discussing palaeoclimate, palaeogeomorphology,lithology,palaeolopographic structure etc.controlling palaeokarst reservoir development and according to the characteristics and main control factors of the various palaeokarst types,4 modes of palaeokarst reservoir distribution are summarized.The vug development patterns,characteristics and distributive laws of the various karst modes are expounded by examples.