恶性肿瘤患者放疗前心理健康状况与应对方式调查分析

Coping Style and Psychological Healthy Status in Patients with Malignant Tumor Before Radiotherapy

目的探讨恶性肿瘤患者放疗前的心理健康状况和应对方式,为制定肿瘤患者的护理措施提供理论依据。方法采用特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对60例恶性肿瘤患者(肿瘤组)在放疗前和30例健康对照组进行测试,并分析肿瘤组患者应对方式与心理状况的相关性。结果肿瘤患者存在严重的心理问题。应对方式中消极应对得分显著高于对照组(P<0.01),积极应对得分与对照组比较,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。肿瘤组SCL-90各因子分均显著高于对照组,突出表现在躯体化、焦虑、抑郁及精神病性、其他等方面(P<0.05,P<0.01)。积极应对得分与SCL-90总分、总均分、阳性症状均分、强迫症状及其他因子呈显著负相关(P<0.05,P<0.01),消极应对得分除阳性症状均分、躯体化、偏执等因子外,与SCL-90呈显著正相关(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论恶性肿瘤患者放疗前存在诸多方面的心理问题,应对方式是影响患者心理健康的重要因素,在患者放疗前给予护理干预非常重要。

Objective To explore the relationship between coping style and psychological healthy status in patients with malignant tumor before radiotherapy, then to provide basic information for nursing measurements in tumor patients. Methods A total of 60 patients with malignant tumor and 30 healthy controls were tested with Trait Coping Style Questionnaire （TCSQ） and Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90）. In the patients with malignant tumor, the relationship between coping styles and psychological healthy status was analyzed. Results The tumor patients had a higher score on negative coping style than the controls （P〈0.01）, while scores of positive coping style have to no slatistical difference （P〉0.05） higher scores on SCL-90 than the controls, distinctly in somatization, anxiety, depression, and psychodisposition. There were negative correlations between positive coping styles and psychological healthy status （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）, but positive correlations between negative coping style and psychological healthy status （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. Conclusion The tumor patients have many psychologic problems, in which coping styles are the major factors. It is necessary to strengthen nursing measurements before radiotherapy.