技术内生化、长期经济增长与财税政策选择

Endogenous Technology,Long-run Economic Growth and Fiscal & Taxation Policy Choice

新古典经济理论认为,由于资本边际收益递减以及不变要素假定,一国经济增长将最终达到稳态均衡和零增长。内生增长理论则表明,由于人力资本、知识存量、生产性公共资本、研究与开发等内生性因素的不断积累,长期经济增长不会出现新古典理论预言的悲观情况,并且合适的财政政策在一国经济长期增长中发挥着重要作用。我国要保持持续的长期经济增长,就必须采取有效的财税政策,增加人力资本、生产性公共资本、研究与开发等方面的投资,加快人力资本积累和促进技术进步。

According to neoclassical economic theories, it is an enviable trend for a nation＇s economic growth to reach stable equilibrium and zero growth due to the diminishing marginal profit and constant factor hypothesis. Endogenous growth theory, however, indicates that owing to the steady accumulation of such endogenous factors as human capital, knowledge stock, production public capital, and research and development, the long-run economic growth will not result in the consequence as predicted by neoclassical economic theories. Instead, the appropriate fiscal policies will play a major role in a nation＇s economic growth. In order to maintain the sustainable long-run economic growth, China has to adopt effective fiscal and taxation policies as well as expedite human capital accumulation and stimulate technological progress by increasing the investment in human capital, production public capital in addition to research and development.