胡椒、芒果和黄皮的化感作用潜力

Potential allelopathic effects of Piper nigrum,Mangifera indica and Clausena lansium.

以胡椒、芒果和黄皮作为供体,玉米、黄豆、南瓜、花生、萝卜、稗草、马唐、柱花草为受体,通过种子萌发法和根生长法测定胡椒、芒果和黄皮的化感作用潜力.结果表明,玉米、黄豆、南瓜、稗草和马唐的萌发和根生长都受到3种供体水浸提液的影响,3种供体水浸提液在高浓度下抑制而在低浓度下则促进受体的萌发和根生长;胡椒和芒果根系周围的土壤对玉米萌发和根生长有促进作用而对花生的萌发和根生长则有抑制作用.3种供体的水浸提液通过乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取分离成不同极性的三相后分别对玉米、萝卜和柱花草进行处理.结果表明,胡椒和芒果浸提液的水相与正丁醇相对受体的抑制作用明显强于乙酸乙酯相,表明胡椒和芒果的化感物质具有较强的极性.

With Piper nigrum, Mangifera indica and Clausena lansium as the donators this paper studied their potential allelopathic effects on the germination and growth of Zea mays, Glycine max, Cucurbita moschata, Arachis hypogaea, Raphanus sativus, Echinochloa crusgalli, Digitaria sanguinalis and Stylosanthes guianensis. The results showed that the aqueous extracts of these donators could inhibit the germination and growth of Z. mays, G. max, C. moschata, E. crus-galli and D. sanguinalis at high concentration, but stimulate them at low concentration. In rhizosphere soil of P. nigrum and M. indica, the germination and growth of Z. mays L was stimulated, while A. hypogaea was inhibited. The aqueous extracts of the donators were extracted by ethyl acetate and n-butanol, respectively, and the inhibitory activity of both aqueous and n-butanol fractions from P. nigrum and M. indica on Z. mays, R. sativus and S. guianensis was stronger than that of ethyl acetate fraction, indicating that P. nigrum and M. indica contained the allelochemicals with high polarity.