土壤生物工程在河道坡岸生态修复中应用与效果

Application and effectiveness of soil bioengineering in ecological restoration of stream bank.

土壤生物工程是一项采用存活植物构筑边坡结构,稳定河道(流)坡岸和生态修复的工程技术.本文简要讨论了土壤生物工程的原理和活枝扦插、柴笼、灌丛垫以及复合工程等基本种植技术;介绍了我国第一个采用土壤生物工程修复河道坡岸的示范工程,对比了工程实施后河道坡岸10个月来的坡岸土壤剪切力、生境条件和生物多样性变化.研究和示范工程表明,采用土壤生物工程方法可以稳定坡岸、改善坡岸的栖息地质量、修复河道的生态环境.土壤生物工程方法可以在我国各类岸(边)坡的生态修复中广泛运用.

Soil bioengineering is a kind of engineering by using living plant materials to construct the structures with some engineering and ecological functions, which can provide an effective means for the slope stabilization and site restoration of stream banks. In this paper, the principles of soil bioengineering, basic planting methods, live stakes, live fascines, brush layering, and integrated technologies were discussed in brief, and the first demo project of soil engineering in ecological restoration of stream bank in our country was introduced. After lO-month project implementation, significant effectiveness was obtained on slope stability, habitat improvement, and ecological restoration of stream banks. It was concluded that the approach could be widely applied in ecological restoration of all kinds of slopes in China.