中华秋沙鸭巢址选择及孵化期活动节律

Nestk-site Selection and Activity Rhythm of Scaly-sided Merganser during Hatching Period

2005年4—5月,在碧水中华秋沙鸭自然保护区观测两个鸭巢,记录了巢的特征值,巢周围的环境因子以及孵化期雌鸭的活动节律。结果表明,雌鸭选择在靠近溪流的树洞营巢,对人为活动不敏感。两个巢距地面高度为10m左右,内径约为0.2m,其他特征值有较大差异。鸭巢距溪流的距离小于10m,距公路也很近。雌鸭每日外出觅食的时间比较稳定,孵化末期有一定波动。影响觅食行为的主要因素是天气,晴天觅食时间较长,外出次数也较多。每日清晨和午间觅食活动频繁,并集中在1d的2h之内。孵化期为23d左右。

An experiment was conducted to study the nest characters, the environmental factors and the activity rhythm of female individuals by observing two scaly-sided merganser （Mergus squamatus） nests in Bishui Nature Reserve from April to May 2005. Result showed that the female individuals select the tree hole next to the stream to make nests, and are insensitive to human disturbance. The height of the nests is about 10 meters above the ground with an inner diameter of 0.2 m or so, while other characters have some variations. The distance from nests to the stream is less then 10 m, while the nests are quite close to the road. The time spent in foraging for food every day is stable though has some fluctuation at the end of the hatching period. Weather is the main factor that influences the foraging behaviors. Mergansers spend more time in foraging and leave their nests more frequently during sunny days. The foraging activities are frequent at dawn and at noon, and concentrate within two hours of each day. The hatching period is about 23 days.