气胸心电图特点的临床意义

Clinical significance of electrocardiogram changes caused by pneumothorax

目的探讨气胸致心电图变化的特点及其临床意义。方法将86例气胸患者分为左侧气胸组59例和右侧气胸组27例,并对比分析两组心电图变化。结果左侧气胸组心电图异常率(84.70%)较右侧气胸组(37.03%)高,差异有显著性意义(χ2=19.9,P<0.05)。左侧气胸组心电图改变主要表现为胸导联R波递增不足,V3～V6低电压现象。右侧气胸组主要表现为V1、V2QRS电压随呼吸周期呈有规律性变化。结论左、右侧气胸时,各自有其相应的心电图改变,应结合临床和及时作X线胸部检查等及早明确诊断。

Objective To evaluate characteristics of electrocardiographic changes caused by pneumothorax and its clinical significance. Methods Electrocardiogram （ECG）was analyzed and compared between patients with left and right side pneumothorax. Results Prevalence of ECG abnormalities was significantly higher in left side pneumothorax than in right side pneumothorax （84.70% vs 37.03%, P〈O.05） . Major ECG findings in left side pneumothorax were amplitude of R-wave increasing insufficiently in chest leads and lower voltage of QRS in V3-V6. Major ECG finding in right side pneumothorax was QRS-wave amplitude in V1 and V2 changing regularly along with respiratory cycle. Conclusion There are corresponding ECG changes to left or right side pneumothorax which are in favor of early diagnosis of disease when combining with other clinical data.