《伤寒论》四时大法及其证治理论体系初探

A Primary Study on the General Principles of Treatment and the Symptoms System Based on the Four-Season Model in Treatise on Febrile Disease

讨论了阴阳的经典含义,并以经典论述为基础,推导出五行。其中,四种病理的状态“可道”,阴阳虚实各有正名,但是常态却“不可道”不可名,阴阳匀平而已,无谓虚实之名。也就是说,五行只有四时可道,所以,《内经》经常把“四时五行”相提并论。张仲景的《伤寒论》主要论述病理,故也借用了这种“可道”的四时模式来论述“病”机。通过阴阳原理,解释了三阴三阳病“四时大法”的深刻寓意,阐释了“春夏宜发汗”“秋宜下”等治疗原理,从而在总体上把握伤寒六病的四时框架。

Based on the discuss of Yin-Yang in classics, five states method is reasoned, in which one of the states is indescribable, without no disbalance between Yin and Yang, and the rest could be named by more or less in Yinqi or Yangqi as pathologic states. To state the pathologic states, Zhang Zhongjing had established a six-disease system named by Yin-Yang which benefited from the Four-Season Model in Neijing Bible as reference. Therefore the general principle of treatments and the six-disease system in Treatise on Febrile Disease, such as ＂the patients in a state of Autumn unbalance sould be treated with cathartic while that in Summer unbalance treated with diaphoretic＂, can be easily understood in the Four-Season Model.