市场化与国家规制——转型期城镇劳动力市场中的收入分配

Marketization and State Regulation: Income Distribution in the Urban Labor Market during the Period of Transition

本研究透过职业阶层、教育与政治资本三个重要因素,侧重分析了市场化改革过程中国家力量对劳动力市场中收入分配的影响。在国家规制影响较大的劳动力市场部门,职业阶层间收入差距较小;人力资本回报的提高受国家改革计划的影响明显。而在新生的市场经济部门,不仅阶层间收入不平等扩展迅速,而且体力劳动者的市场境遇也大大低于国有部门和集体部门。由于更多地受国家政治过程的影响,政治资本对改革后新生代劳动力工资收益的影响呈现出随进入劳动力市场时间的推后而快速下降的态势。

The impact of state power on income distribution in the labor market in the marketazation process is analyzed using three important factors: social class, education and political capital. The income gaps are narrower across occupational strata in labor market sectors that have more state regulation. The impact of the state reform agenda is obvious in the growth of returns to human capital. In the new market economic sector, not only has there been rapid growth in the class inequality of income, but manual workers' situation in the labor market is much worse than that of their counterparts in the state-owned and collective sectors. The greater influence of the state political process is seen in the post-reform new generation labor force: the later they enter the labor market, the less impact political capital has on them.