设施蔬菜灰霉病菌对不同类型杀菌剂的抗性检测

Detection of Resistance of Botryotinia fuckeliana from Protected Vegetables to Different Classes of Fungicides

为了明确设施蔬菜灰霉病菌Botryotinia fuckeliana的抗药性现状，采用菌丝生长速率法检测了2005～2006年采自浙江、江苏、山东和辽宁4省的144个菌株对6种常用防治药剂的敏感性。结果表明，灰霉病菌对百菌清已经产生了低水平的抗性，频率为5．56％，其对多菌灵的抗性非常严重，总的抗性频率为43．05％，高抗（HR）频率为27．08％；乙霉威的EC50值在0．137～728．9μg／mL之间，平均为40．06μg／mL。其中多菌灵-乙霉威双抗频率为36．1l％，且首次检测到了两种新的双抗类型。二甲酰亚胺类杀菌剂在生产上已经应用近20年，但灰霉病菌对异菌脲和腐霉利只有频率为20％左右的低水平抗性，没有检测到高抗菌株；苯胺嘧啶类杀菌剂嘧霉胺虽然只应用几年时间，但已经产生了抗性，其抗性菌株频率为4．16％。研究表明，设施蔬菜灰霉病菌对常用的6种防治药剂均产生了不同程度的抗性。

For understanding the status of fungicide resistance in Botryotinia fuckeliana of protected vegetables, the sensitivities of 144 isolates collected from Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Liaoning and Shandong during 2005 - 2006 to six fungicides were evaluated. Results showed that low-level of resistance to chlorothalonil emerged with a frequency of 5.56%. Serious resistance of B. fuckeliana to carbendazim was detected with a frequency of highly-resistant sub-population of 27. 08% and total resistance frequency of 43.05 %. Meanwhile, medium effective concentrations （ EC50 ） of inhibiting radial growth for diethofencarb ranged from 0. 137 μg/mL to 728.9μg/mL with a mean value of 40.06μg/mL. Frequency of double-resistance to carbendazim and diethofencarb was as high as 36.11%. Meanwhile, two new phenotypes of double-resistance were reported. Only low-level resistance to iprodione or procymidone with frequency of about 20% was detected and no highly resistant isolates were detected although the dicarboximides had been used in practice for about 20 years in China. Moreover,resistance to pyrimethanil occurred with a frequency of 4.16% just a few years after its application in the sampled regions. The results indicated that serious and complex resistance problem to the six fungicides had emerged in B. fuckeliana of protected vegetables.