论自然法作用于制定法的途径

Channel of Natural Law's Effectuation on Positive Law

自然法主要通过两种途径影响制定法:一是直接途径,二是间接途径。自然法通过直接途径作用于制定法,导致自然法促成制定法发展的同时,也促成了自身的萎缩。自然权利已成为自然法理论发挥推动社会进步动力的惟一通道,是沟通自然法与制定法的桥梁。自然权利以自然法为基础,通过表现为不服从的权利、反抗的权利和革命的权利而为抗拒制定法提供了理论基础,为法定权利提供了来源,为制定法完善权利保障提供了方向。如果缺乏自然权利和自然法的指引,社会将不得不承担并将继续承担由此对社会导致的不利后果。

The natural lawns effectuation on positive law mainly in two aspects, the first one is direct channel; the second one is indirect aspect. In the first manner, it leads to the development of positive law, at the same time causes the atrophy of natural law. The natural rights become the sole channel that natural law theory exert to propel social advancement. It becomes the bridge between natural law and positive law. In the second manner, the natural rights, based on natural law, present itself as the rights o{ disobedience, the rights of resistance and revolution, which forms the foundation of natural law, provides the resources of positive law; shows the direction of the perfection of rightsprotecting in positive law. Absence of the direction ofnatural law and natural rights, it is the society that has to bear and keep bearing the adverse aftereffect.