聚合物水泥固化放射性废树脂配方的研究

Formulation Study on Immobilization of Spent Ion Exchange Resins in Polymer Cement

采用环氧树脂乳液与复合水泥制备的聚合物水泥固化模拟放射性废树脂,应用正交设计法进行试验设计。首先进行复合水泥配方的正交设计,确定复合水泥中525#快硬硫铝酸盐水泥、硅粉、沸石和粉煤灰之比为1∶0.05∶0.10∶0.05,然后进行固化树脂配方的正交设计。以抗压强度作为鉴定废物固化体的物性依据,应用F检验,选择优化的配方。最终选择优化的复合水泥作固化基质,环氧树脂乳液作胶凝材料。优化配方为:乳灰比,0.55;树脂包容量,0.3;阴阳树脂比,2∶1。根据GB14569.1—93的要求对采用该优化配方的废物固化体进行了性能测试。结果表明,得到的水泥固化块(50 mm×50 mm)的抗压强度大于10 MPa,固化体的抗冻融、抗浸泡、抗冲击、抗辐照性能满足废物近地表处置的要求。

The aim of this study is to develop a formulation of cement-solidified spent radio- active ion exchange resin form. The solidified form consists of a sort of composite cement, epoxide resin emulsion, and spent ion exchange resins. The composite cement is made up of quick-setting sulphoaluminate cement, silica powder, zeolite, and fly ash in the proportion 1 ： 0.05 = 0. 10 ： 0.05. Sixteen combinations of composite cement, epoxide resin emulsion and mixed anion-cation exchange resins are selected according to a three-factors-four-levels normal design table with the compression strength as the evaluation criterion. The resulted formulation is as follows, the mass ratio of polymer emulsion to composite cement is 0.55 ： 1, the loading of mixed anion-cation exchange resins is 0.3, and the anionic-to-cationic exchange resins ratio is 2 ： 1. The polymer cement solidified forms were tested after 28 d curing for Cs^＋ and Sr^2＋ leaching rates, pH and conductivity of the leaching water, and radiation-resistant property in addition to their compressive strength. The measurement results indicate that the performance of thus prepared solidified forms can meet the requirements of the National Standard GB14569. 1-93 for near earth＇s surface disposal of low radwaste.