生态价值评估方法在水电开发环境评价中的应用研究

Application of ecological value evaluation method in environmental assessment of hydropower development

提出河流生态系统的几种主要生态服务功能价值评估方法,定量评价水电开发影响的河流生态系统服务功能的价值变化量。以广东省紫金县沥口水利枢纽工程为案例,对项目实施后河流生态系统服务功能价值的变化进行了定量分析评价。结果表明:沥口水利开发工程引发的河流生态系统服务功能价值变化的每年正效益为5 941万元,主要来自发电效益、旅游收益和灌溉效益,分别占81%、5%和4%;生态系统服务功能价值损失每年为3 744万元,主要是淹没耕地、有机质生产和水质净化,分别占24%、20%和19%。同时,工程开发引发的负效益占到了正效益的63%,说明该工程开发对东江河流生态系统的负面影响是不容忽视的。

To evaluate the effects of hydropower development on river ecological function quantitatively, several ecological value evaluation methods were put forward. Taking the development of the Likou hydraulic project in Zijin County of Guangdong Province as a case, the changes of river ecological functional value were quantitatively analyzed and assessed. The results show that the positive benefit of Likou hydraulic project on river ecological function is 59.41 million yuan per annum, which is mainly attributed to electricity generation, tourism ar, d irrigation, accounting for 81%, 5% and 4% respectively. The loss of river ecological function is 37.44 million yuan per annum, which is mainly attributed to cultivated land submersion, organic material production, and water purification, accounting for 24%, 20% and 19% respectively. In addition, the negative benefit of the hydro project accounts for 63% of the positive benefit, which makes it clear that the negative effects of the hydro project on river ecological function should not be neglected.