20世纪八九十年代西部农村的庙会文化——以陕北地区为个案

The Temple Fair Culture in the Rural Areas in West China in the 1980s and 1990s: Taking Northern Shanxi as an Individual Case

改革开放以来,陕北乡村发生了巨大的变化,由单一的农业经济向多元经济转变,城镇化速度加快,农村社会阶层出现分化,社会大环境的变化使重新兴盛的庙会既继承了传统庙会的功能,同时又表现出以庙会活动为中心形成社区文化共同体、从传统神灵信仰转换为社会需求的表达、在维护乡村秩序中扮演了重要角色、开始在社区公共事务中发挥作用以及促成民间庙会与地方政府的互动等新的特点。对其作出全面、客观的评估,对推动西部大开发,促进农村社会的稳定和发展,将会起到积极作用。

Great changes have taken place in the rural areas of Northern Shaanxi since the initiation of reform and opening-up: the transformation of single agricultural economy into diversified economy, accelerated urbanization and social stratum polarization. With changes in macro social environment, the re-thriving temple fairs inherited their traditional functions, gave rise to a community culture centering round temple fair activities and replaced faith in gods with expressions of social needs. As a result, they made great contributions to the maintenance of rural order, played a positive role in community public affairs and helped bring about the interaction between non-government society and local governments. A comprehensive and objective appraisal of the temple fair culture will be of positive significance for the development of West China and the rural social stability and development.