不同施氮水平对嫁接和自根黄瓜品质的影响

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on quality of self-rooted and grafted cucumber

以新泰密刺/黑籽南瓜嫁接苗和新泰密刺自根苗的黄瓜为材料,采用日光温室土培的方法研究了不同氮肥施用量对嫁接和自根黄瓜果实品质的影响。结果表明,适量增施氮肥有利于提高嫁接和自根黄瓜果实中抗坏血酸(Vc)、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖和游离氨基酸含量,提高黄瓜品质;但过多施用氮肥会使黄瓜品质下降。同等氮肥水平下,以盛果期黄瓜果实品质最好;且嫁接黄瓜和自根黄瓜果实品质存在明显差异,嫁接黄瓜果实中Vc、淀粉、游离氨基酸、可溶性蛋白质和硝酸盐含量均高于同期同等氮肥水平的自根黄瓜,初果期和盛果期可溶性糖含量高于自根黄瓜,而末果期略低于自根黄瓜。

A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study effects of nitrogen fertilization on the quality of grafted cucumber （Cucumis sativus L. Xintaimici/ Cucurbita Ficifolia） and self-rooted cucumber （Cucumis sativus L. Xintaimici）. We designed four levels of nitrogen： N 0, 225, 450 and 675 kg/hm^2. The results indicated that the proper N application could increase the content of Vc, soluble protein, soluble sugar and dissociative aminophenol of both self-rooted and grafted cucumber, and consequently the quality of cucumber was improved. However, over supply N reduced the quality of cucumber. The quality of cucumber harvested at metaphase of fruiting was the best under equivalent N fertilization level. There were significant differences between the qualities of grafted cucumber and self-rooted one. The content of Vc, amylum, dissociative aminophenol, soluble protein and nitrate of grafted cucumber were higher than those of selfrooted one harvested at same period under equivalent fertilization level. Soluble sugar content in grafted cucumber in the early-days of fruiting and metaphase of fruiting was higher than that of self-rooted cucumber, while at the telophase of fruiting grafted cumber was lower than self-rooted one.