夏季珠江口水体中多环芳烃的分布、组成及来源

Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the surface seawater of the Zhujiang River Estuary in summer

利用1999年7月对珠江口海域的调查资料,对该区表层海水中优控多环芳烃的分布、组成及来源进行了分析和讨论,结果表明：（1）夏季珠江口海域表层海水中14种溶解态多环芳烃[苊、芴、菲、蒽、荧蒽、芘、苯并（a）蒽、（艹屈）、苯并（b）荧蒽、苯并（k）荧蒽、苯并（a）芘、二苯并（a,h）蒽、苯并（g,h,I）苝、茚并（1,2,3-cd）芘]的质量浓度为63.8～171.7 ng/L,且沿着冲淡水流向呈降低趋势;（2）颗粒态中15种多环芳烃[萘、苊、芴、菲、蒽、荧蒽、芘、苯并（a）蒽、（艹屈）、苯并（b）荧蒽、苯并（k）荧蒽、苯并（a）芘、二苯并（a,h）蒽、苯并（g,h,I）苝、茚并（1,2,3-cd）芘]的质量浓度为60.7～186.7 ng/L,其分布与水体载沙量及悬浮颗粒物的性质、粒径有关,具有从河口内向外海降低的分布特征;（3）多环芳烃组成和特征参数比值的分析表明,珠江口海域高温裂解来源的多环芳烃在伶仃洋海区输入最多,且主要为人类活动中煤燃烧排放的,而在香港岛周围海区的输入则相对较少,且主要为油燃烧排放的;（4）与法国塞纳河及长江口等河口相比,珠江三角洲海域水体中存在高菲含量排放源.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the surface seawater of the Zhujiang River Estuary in 1999 summer were studied. The total contents of dissolved 14 PAHs [acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo （a） anthracene, chrysene, benzo （b） fluroranthene, benzo （k） fluoranthene, benzo （a） pyrene, dibenzo （a, h） anthracene, benzo （g, h, i） perylene, indeno （1, 2, 3-cd） pyrene] in seawater ranged from 63.8 to 171.7ng/L and decreased in certain extent along the flow direction of fresh water. Total Contents of 15 PAHs [-naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo （a）anthracene, chrysene, benzo （b）fluroranthene, benzo （k） fluoranthene, benzo （a） pyrene, dibenzo （a, h） anthracene, benzo （g, h, i） perylene, indeno （1, 2, 3-cd） pyrene] of suspended particulates ranged from 60. 7 to 186.7ng/L. Values of particulate PAHs concentration were controlled by amounts, features and diameters of suspended particles and they decreased from the estuary to the open sea. PAHs composition and the ratios of PAH components indicate that the amount of PAHs from fossil fuel combustion is the biggest in ＂LingDing Yang＂ water area and the coal combustion is a major source. While the amount is relatively low in the water areas around Hong Kong and it mainly come from oil combustion. Compared with other estuaries, there exists a source of high phenanthrene concentration levels in the Zhujiang River Estuary.