违反注意义务判断标准的类型化分析

Classifying Analysis on the Judging Criteria of Breach of Care

在侵权法中,违反注意义务的判断标准既是一个理论问题更是一个司法实践问题,它的确定和明晰具有重大的现实意义。违反注意义务的判断标准可以类型化为:抽象判断标准和具体判断标准。前者又可从行为人以及行为的角度分为理性人标准和危险标准;后者又可分为习惯和惯例标准,法律标准以及事实自证标准。

In tort law,the judging criteria of breach of care is a problem of judicial practice as well as a problem of theory, the definition and the clarification of which are of great significance. The judging criteria of breach of care consist of abstract judging criteria and concrete ones. The former includes reasonable man criterion and danger theory criterion and the latter include custom, usage, law and fact self- proving criterion.