青藏铁路大风天气运输组织方法

Transportation Organization Method of Qinghai—Tibet Railway in Gale Weather

青藏高原大风天气多,空气密度小,大风对铁路运输安全的影响与低海拔地区差异较大。利用车辆动力学原理建立列车临界翻车风速模型,分别计算青藏铁路海拔3 000 m和4 000 m冻土和非冻土地区的临界翻车风速和危险翻车风速,以及给定风速条件下车辆限制速度。计算结果表明,青藏铁路临界翻车风速随海拔升高而增大,随冻土路基病害出现而降低。参考英、日等国大风标准,结合青藏铁路的特点,根据危险翻车风速和临界翻车风速,初步提出青藏铁路海拔4 000 m地区安全行车标准及特定运行条件、冻土地区线路出现病害情况下的安全行车标准及特定运行条件。提出列车限速运行、增加车辆载重、提高列车编组水平、提高司机操作水平、改善棚车顶部外形、加强货运检查、注意车辆防溜和风沙地区线路检查等大风天气运输组织措施。

Compared to other areas, the gale weather days of Qinghai-Tibet Tableland are longer and the air density is smaller, so the effect of gale that acts on the railway transportation is different from the lower elevation districts. With the theory of vehicle-dynamics, the model of critical vehicle turnover wind speed is established and the critical vehicle turnover wind speed, danger vehicle turnover wind speed and speed limit of train of frozen districts and non-frozen districts on the elevation of 3 000 m and 4 000 m are calculated. The result indicates that the critical vehicle turnover wind speed increases with the rise of elevation and decreases with the appearance of roadbed disease of frozen area. Consulting the standard in Britain and Japan, the features of Qinghai--Tibetan Plateau, the critical vehicle turnover wind speed and danger vehicle turnover wind speed, the security criterion of train operation and its special condition on the elevation of 4 000 meters and the security criterion of train operation and its special condition on the condition of roadbed disease of frozen area are put forward. Some train operation measures in gale weather are raised, like： speed limit, the enhancement of carrying capacity of vehicle, improving train formation, advance driver＇s operation ability, improving the top shape of shed vehicle, enforcing the inspection of freight, preventing train slide and railway inspection in the area where sand blown by wind.