试论中世纪科学方法论思想

On Thoughts of Scientific Methodology in the Middle Ages

科学方法是近代科学的产物。但是有其孕育和形成的过程,而这一过程正是在中世纪实现的。中世纪持续的理智活动,使得理性主义的复苏成为可能,理性的抬升必然要求对人性的关注。在此基础上,科学方法论的思想要素在中世纪晚期结合并相互渗透,最终形成了作为近代科学方法论思想的灵魂的数学理性、逻辑理性和实验理性。

Scientific methods are the products of modern science,but they have their own process of gestation and formation,which was fulfilled in the Middle Ages.It was the continuity of intelligent activities in the Middle Ages that make the renaissance of rationalism possible.The rising of rationalism necessarily requires attentions to humanism.Under these premises,materials of the thoughts of scientific methodology have integrated and interacted with each other by the end of the middle ages,which give birth to the soul of modern scientific methodology as Mathematical Reason,Experimental Reason,and Logical Reason.