基于有限元逆算法的拉深筋工艺设计和优化

Study on Design and Optimization of Drawbead Process Based on an Inverse Approach

汽车覆盖件拉深成形中,一般通过设置适当的拉深筋控制成形过程中的板料塑性流动规律来提高覆盖件成形质量。针对覆盖件工艺设计需求,提出一种基于有限元逆算法的拉深筋工艺优化算法。该算法以灵敏度优化方法为基础,考虑了板料的成形度、破裂和起皱等成形缺陷。在板料成形模拟FASTAMP系统中,开发了拉深筋优化模块,并以实际覆盖件为例,验证了该算法能快速准确地模拟等效拉深筋力的布置情况以及优化板料的成形性。

The drawbead setting is a very useful process to adjust the nonuniformity ot sheet metal flow and to improve the forming quality of the automobile body panels. According to the process design requirements, an optimum method of drawbead setting based on the inverse finite element approach had been developed. In the method, the sensitivity optimum algorithm was adopted and the forming actors of forming ability such as forming ability, rapture, wrinkle were also considered to perfect the algorithm. In the sheet metal forming simulation software, FASTAMP, the optimum module was developed. Through calculating the benchmark of NUMISHEET 2002, it is proved that the method can optimize the setting of drawbead to improve the sheet metal forming ability in short time.