血与水辨证观之源与流

the Origin and Development of Syndrome Differentiation Between Blood and Water

以张仲景《伤寒论》及《金匮要略》中相关论述为基点,结合古今研究成果,探讨血与水的辨证关系,并从临床入手,提出新的见解。“血不利则为水”,并不仅仅指血瘀与水证的关系,血热、血寒、血虚同样也可引发水证。仲景之原意尚包含“水不利则为血”。“血”当泛指血分的不良状态,包含血热、血寒、血瘀、血虚;“水”则泛指水液运化失常,包括痰、饮、水、湿在内。如何把握见水治血、见血治水、血与水同治的尺度,关键在于“观其脉证,知犯何逆,随证治之。”见水治血、见血治水、血与水(痰)同治的治法最适合于急、慢性病的后期(久病入络)及妇科病、老年病和下焦病的论治。

Based on the relative statements of Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Sinopsis of Prescriptions of Golden Chamber in combination with the research fruits of ancient and modem times, the paper probed the syndrome differentiation between blood and water and put forward to a new idea from the angle of the clinic. The statemennt ＂The bad state of the blood system syndrome may cause the abnomal condition of water transformation and transportation.＂ meant not only that the relationship between blood stasis and water syndrome but also that blood heat, blood-cold and blood-deficiency could cause water syndrome. Zhang Zhongjing also meant that ＂the abnomal condition of water transprtation and transformation may cause the bad state of the blood system syndrome.＂ The had state of the blood system syndrome includes blood-heat, blood-cold, blood-stasis and blood-deficiency. The abnomal condition of water transportation and transformation include retention of phlegm and fluid. How to hold the standard of treating the had state of blood system syndrome through treating the abnomal condition of water transportation and transformation and treating both the had stateof blood system syndrome and the abnomal condition of water transportation and transformation lies in the observation of the pulse condition and treatment. The methods of treating water syndrome, treating blood syndrome, and treating both water and blood syndrome are suitable for the treatment of the late stage of acute or chronic diseases, gynecopathy gerontological diseases, and diseases of lower energizer.