水工隧洞内消能工的研究及应用进展

Study and Application Development of Interior Energy Dissipator in Hydraulic Tunnel

对于高水头、大流量的水电工程,以往的消能工具有一定的局限性,研究表明,把大面积遭受高速水流作用改为局部承受的消能方式,是高坝泄洪消能的一条有效途径。内消能工主要有孔板(洞塞)式消能工、旋流式消能工、消力井等3种形式。实践表明,内消能工对改善大坝下游水流流态,保护下游环境,保障下游边坡稳定等有积极作用,综合考虑,旋流式消能工具有较大优越性。对水工隧洞内部消能技术尚需开展进一步的研究与实践。

For the hydropower project with high head and large discharge, the original energy dissipation tools have their certain limitation. The study has showed that the energy dissipation way of changing large area bearing high-velocity flow into local area bearing high-velocity flow is a effective way of flood-releasing energy dissipation of high dam. The interior energy dissipator has mainly three types, that is notch-plate dissipator, gyrating-flow dissipator and baffle well. The practice showed that the interior energy dissipator can play an positive role in improving the downstream flow patter of dam, protecting downstream environment and guaranteeing the stability of downstream side-slope. Based on the comprehensive consideration, the gyrating-flow energy dissipator has much better. The interior energy dissipation technology for hydraulic tunnel should be further studied and practiced.