西北地区草地生态系统生态安全评价初探

Integrated Evaluation of Ecological Security on Pastoral Ecosystem in North-west China

草地生态系统是我国西北生态脆弱地区的重要组成部分,开展其生态安全的评价对于西部大开发战略的实施有着重要的指导作用,对维护西部地区的政治稳定、经济可持续发展、军事安全等有着不可估量的价值.通过对西北生态脆弱地区草地生态系统现状的剖析,阐述了开展草地生态系统生态安全评价的意义,确立了草地生态系统生态安全评价的原则,分析影响草地生态系统生态安全的6个主要因子:人类活动、草地生态系统功能、植被群落动态、气候变化、土壤条件、有害生物等.在此基础上,初步构建草地生态安全评价的理论指标体系.

Ecological security is a hotspot subject focused on the security of a given area including the ecosystem, economy and society. Today, most of the researches were paid attention to the east-China urban ecosystem or agricuhural ecosystem. However, the pastoral ecosystem, one of the most important ecosystems in north-west China, was still undiscovered. In order to evaluate the status quo of the ecological security in the pastoral ecosystem, a comprehensive index system was developed to fit the demands of West-China-Development. On the basis of the background data, the importance of the pastoral ecosystem was analyzed and the major influence factors on ecological security were discussed. Human actions, function of pastoral ecosystem, dynamics of plant community, natural climate conditions, soil characters and the harmful organisms were found to be the six major factors. Finally, one comprehensive index system was set up to apply in North-west China pastoral ecosystem.