浅析语义翻译与交际翻译

Analysis on Semantic Translation and Communicative Translation

这里主要对英国著名翻译理论家纽马克在他的专著《翻译问题探讨》中提出的语义翻译和交际翻译的新概念进行了简单的分析和评述,并以杨宪益和霍克斯翻译的《红楼梦》的两个版本为例,说明语义翻译和交际翻译在翻译实践中的运用。交际翻译注重译文读者产生于原文读者相同的效果,语义翻译注重译出原文的所有含义,它们的根本区别在于交际翻译强调信息产生的效果,语义翻译强调信息内容,但是,它们之间的区别是相对的,在翻译实践中,往往是两种翻译方法交替使用,相辅相成,以期达到译文的最佳效果。

This paper analyzes and comments on the two new concepts put forward by Peter Newmark in his book Approaches to Translation,i.e. semantic translation and communicative translation. By taking the two English versions of Hong Lou Meng respectively translated by Yang Xianyi and David Hawkes as examples, the present author intends to illustrate the actual application of the two translation methods. While semantic translation emphasizes translation of the original meaning of the source text, communicative translation pays more attention to equivalent effects of the source text and the target text on their readers. Their essential distinction lies in that the former stresses the effect resulting from the original information, while the latter attaches great importance to the content of the original meaning. Meanwhile, we can see that their distinction is only relative. In translation practice, these two methods will be alternatively adopted to pursue the best translation result.