国民政府时期中小学教科书供应体制的沿革

On the Evolution of Supply System about the Primary and Middle Schools' Textbooks during the Nationalist Government Era

国民政府统治时期,其中小学教科书的供应体制经历了从审定制到国定制与审定制交互并行的转变过程。抗战期间国定制与审定制交互并行供应体制的出台,一方面固然是为了解决后方中小学教科书供应不足的矛盾,另一方面也是为了更好地推行党化教育的需要。而1947年以后,国民政府教育部实行国定本教科书版权开放的政策,则显现了教育体制变革过程中的困难重重以及各利益集团之间的利益冲突。

The primary and middle schools' textbook supply system experienced a process from the examination and approbation system to the national-regulation system paralleling with the examination and approbation system during the Nationalist Government era.The policy of national-regulation system paralleling with examination and approbation system,on the one hand solved the problem of textbook shortage on the home front;on the other hand,it met the needs of better carrying out Kuomintang's party-influence education during the Anti-Japanese War.To solve the disordered situation of textbook supply,the policy of opening the copyright of national-regulation textbook carried out by the Educational Ministry reflected the difficulties of textbook supply system's reform and the profit conflict among these profit groups after 1947.