变应性鼻炎吸入性变应原皮试结果比较分析

Comparative analysis on the skin allergen tests among cases with alle rgic rhinitis with three kinds of inspiratory allergen series

目的比较分析变应性鼻炎患者三种吸入性变应原制剂的皮试结果。方法207例变应性鼻炎患者,先后行粗制过敏原皮内试验,阿罗格、安脱达两种变应原皮肤点刺试验,分别观察皮肤反应。结果粗制过敏原皮试45例:螨阳性34例(75.6%),野苋菜24例(53.3%),蜜蜂22例(48.9%),蟑螂20例(44.4%),秋冬花粉18例(40.0%)。阿罗格变应原点刺87例:粉尘螨阳性70例(80.5%),屋尘螨65例(74.7%),动物毛20例(23.0%),松8例(9.2%),杉8例(9.2%)。安脱达变应原点刺75例:粉尘螨64例(85.3%),屋尘螨55例(73.3%),热带螨55例(73.3%),德国小蠊30例(40.0%),狗毛21例(28.0%),猫毛9例(12.0%)。螨的阳性率经卡方检验,三组差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结论广州地区常见过敏原为尘螨。粗制过敏原、阿罗格变应原、安脱达变应原具有较高的尘螨阳性率,均可作为变应性鼻炎的诊断手段。

Objective To analyze the skin allergen tests in a comparative way among cases with allergic rhinitis tested with three kinds of inspiratory allergen series. Methods Two hundred and seven cases with allergic rhinitis （AR） were included in this study. They were given intradermal test with crudely extracted allegens, skin prick test with standard Allergopharma, or skin prick test with standard Alutard-SQ respectively. Then, their testing results were observed respectively and compared each other. Results There were 45 cases out of this group received intradermal test with crudely extracted allegens. Among them, positive cases included 34（75.6 % ） to mite, 24（53.3 % ） to pigweed, 22 （48.9%） to bee, 20 （44.4%） to cockroach, and 18 （40.0%） to Autumn and Winter pollens Another 87 cases out of this group were given standard Allergopharma skin prick test. Among them, 70 （80.5 % ） were positive to dermatophagoides farinae, 65 （74.7 % ） were positive to dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, 20 （33.0%） positive to animal dander, 8 （9.2%） positive to pine, and 8（9.2 % ） positive to fir. The remainder 75 cases in this group were tested with standard Alutard-SQ skin prick test, with 64 （85.3 % ） cases being positive to dermatophagoides farinae, 55（73.3% ） being positive to dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, 55 （73. 3% ）positive to blomia tropicalis, 30 （40.0%） positive to blatella germanica, 21 （28.0%） positive to canis familiaris （dogs）, and 9 （12.0 % ） positive to canis familiaris （cats）. There were no significant differences in the distribution model of main positive allergens among these cases tested respectively with three kinds of inspiratory allergen series prepared in different ways. Conclusions Mite should be the most commonly seen positive allergen for population in the district of Guangzhou, as confirmed in this group of cases. The higher positive rate with mite test can bedetermined by all the 3 kinds of inspiratory allergen series prepared in any ways, either as crudely extracted allegens, standard Allergopharma or as standard Alutard-SQ. Therefore, they can all be taken as the diagostic procedure for AR.