飞行环境中飞行员血浆中降钙素基因相关肽、肾上腺髓质素的含量变化

Changes in the levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide and adrenomedulin in plasma of pilots in flying environment

目的:分析飞行环境对飞行员血浆中降钙素基因相关肽和肾上腺髓质素含量的影响。方法:于2004-03/2005-01选取西北某空军基地的飞行员223名,均为健康男性,体质量指数<25kg/m2(排除体脂影响),年龄25～40岁。分为飞行后组72名,飞行前组151名,为解放军兰州军区临潼疗养院接受疗养的飞行员,停飞5d以上。另选50名与飞行员食宿、训练基本一致的地面人员作为正常对照组。飞行后组飞行持续4h着陆后,立即抽取2mL静脉血,其余两组均抽取空腹静脉血2mL,应用放射免疫法测定血浆中降钙素基因相关肽和肾上腺髓质素含量。结果:纳入飞行员223名和正常对照者50名,均进入结果分析。飞行后组血浆中降钙素基因相关肽、肾上腺髓质素含量均较飞行前组显著降低[降钙素基因相关肽分别为(41.38±32.64),(74.17±36.71)ng/L,肾上腺髓质素分别为(51.19±20.49),(69.07±24.20)ng/L,P<0.01];飞行后组肾上腺髓质素含量较正常对照组(43.92±11.43)显著升高(P<0.05),而降钙素基因相关肽(61.42±42.52)显著降低(P<0.01);飞行前降钙素基因相关肽和肾上腺髓质素含量均显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。结论:①飞行因素及飞行应激可造成降钙素基因相关肽、肾上腺髓质素含量降低,可能是飞行引起飞行员心脏受损的因素之一,但同时可降低交感神经过度兴奋。②飞行员基础降钙素基因相关肽、肾上腺髓质素含量高,可能是由于长期飞行引起,是机体自我良性调节的结果,促进心脏恢复的有效手段。

AIM： To analyze the effect of flying environment on level of calcitonin gene-related peptide （CGRP） and content of adrenomedulin in pilots. METHODS： 223 healthy adult pilots aged 25-40 years with the body mass index 〈 25 kg/m^2 （excluding the influence of body fat） were selected from some base of northwest air force between March 2004 to January 2005. All the subjects, who were pilots of Lintong Sanatorium in Lanzhou Military Area of Chinese PLA and had ended flying for 5 days above, were divided into post-flying group （n=72） and pre-flying group （n=151）. Another 50 ground service personnel, who received the same bed and board as well as training, were taken as normal control group. 2 mL of fasting venous blood were obtained from pilots of post-flying group after continuously flying for 4 hours, in which the level of CGRP and content of adrenomedulin were tested by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS： 223 enrolled pilots and 50 normal controls were involved in the analysis of results. The level of CGRP and content of adrenomedulin in the post-flying group were significantly decreased comparing with pre-flying group [decrease in CGRP were respectively （41.38±32.64）, （74.17±36.71） ng/L,and that in adrenomedulin were （51.19±20.49）, （69.07±24.20） ng/L,P 〈 0.01]. Content of adrenomedulin in the post-flying group was remarkably increased than that in the normal control group （43.92±11.43, P 〈 0.05）, whereas level of CGRP was markedly decreased （61.42±42.52, P 〈 0.01）. level of CGRP and content of adrenomedulin in pre-flying group were obviously higher than those in the normal control group （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： （1）Flying factors and flight stress can cause the decrease of CGRP and adrenomedulin, which may be one of the reasons that induce heart damages of pilots, however, it can also reduce the overexcitation of adrenergic nerve. （2）The level of CGRP and content of adrenomedulin may increase due to the long-term flying and is resulted from serf-regulation of body, it can effectively promote the recovery of heart.