雌性大鼠运动性动情周期抑制与卵巢、子宫显微结构及相关激素水平的变化

Exercise-induced estrous cycle inhibition in relation to the changes of hormone level and the microstructure of ovary and uterus in female rats

目的:观察长时间大强度耐力运动对青春期雌性大鼠的动情周期、卵巢和子宫的显微结构及其相关激素水平表达的影响。方法:实验于2004-03/10在山东体育学院实验中心完成。选择有正常动情周期的健康2月龄雌性SD大鼠40只,数字表法随机分为对照组、大强度运动组(n=20)。大强度运动组采用递增负荷强度的跑台运动,在中国杭州段氏PT200跑台上进行,运动1h/d,每周运动6d,持续训练10周;对照组不施加干预,饲养笼内自由活动。训练过程中每天观察两组大鼠动情周期的变化,持续10周后,当大强度运动组大鼠的动情周期长时间停留在动情间期时,即发生动情周期抑制时,和对照组一起处死,采血并分离卵巢、子宫组织,光镜观察卵巢和子宫的显微结构变化,采用放免法测定血清雌激素、孕激素、胰岛素样生长因子1水平。结果:35只大鼠进入结果分析。①大强度运动组大鼠的动情周期均长时间停留在动情间期,表现为动情周期抑制现象。②与对照组相比,运动性动情周期抑制雌性大鼠的卵泡变小且数量变少、子宫腺数量变少且腺腔小。③运动性动情周期抑制雌性大鼠的血清雌激素、胰岛素样生长因子1和孕激素水平显著低于对照组[(17.54±9.72),(24.32±10.38)ng/L,P<0.05;(1016.08±269.38),(1285.65±297.77)μg/L,P<0.05;(26.84±14.09),(49.64±23.88)nmol/L,P<0.01]。结论:①长时间大强度运动引起雌性大鼠发生了运动性动情周期抑制现象,导致卵巢、子宫结构的改变。②血清雌激素、孕激素分泌的降低是运动性动情周期抑制的重要原因,胰岛素样生长因子1水平与运动性动情周期抑制的发生密切相关。

AIM： To study the effects on estrous cycle, microstructure of uterus and ovary and level of hormone in young female rats under high-intensity exercise of long time. METHODS： The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Animal Center of Shandong Physical Education Institute from March to October 2004. Forty healthy female SD rats of 2-month old were divided randomly into control group（n=20）and high intensity training group（n=20）. Rats in the high intensity training group received progressive loaded treadmill exercise on PT200 treadmill of Hangzhou Duanshi for 1 hour per day and 6 days every week for 10 continuous weeks. The rats in the control group could move freely in the cage without intervention. The changes of estrous cycle in rats were observed during training. Ten weeks after continuous training, all rats in the high intensity training group were executed when the estrous cycle rested on anestru for long time, namely exercise-induced estrous cycle inhibition. The blood was collected and the uterus as well as ovary were separated from other tissues. The changes in microstructure of ovary and uterine were observed under light microscope, and fadioimmunoassay was used to measure the levels of estrogen, progesterone and insulin-like growth factor 1 （IGF-1）. RESULTS： .A total of 35 rats were involved in the analysis of results.（1） Estrous cycle of rats in the high intensity training group rested on anestrus for long time, which were called estrous cycle inhibition.（2）Compared with the control group, the volume of folliculi was reduced and the number of folliculi was decreased. The number of ovary gland decreased and cavity of ovary gland was smaller in exercise-induced estrous cycle inhibited rats. （3） Compared with the control group, the concentrations of estrogen, IGF-1 progesterone in rats of estrous cycle inhibition were significantly lower than those in the control group[（17.54±9.72）, （24.32±10.38） ng/L,P 〈 0.05; （ 1 016.08±269.38）, （ 1 285.65±297.77） μg/L,P 〈 0.05 ; （26.84±14.09）, （49.64±23.88） nmol/L, P 〈 0.01]. CONCLUSION： （） Long-time training can induce the estrous cycle inhibition an1d changes of structure of uterus and ovary in rats. （2）The decrease of estrogen and progesterone are important reasons of estrous cycle inhibition, and the level of IGF-1 is closely related with the inhibition of estrous cycle.