食物限制法建立宫内发育迟缓模型及对其重要器官的影响

Intrauterine Growth Retardation Models Caused by Maternal Food Restriction and Its Effect on Important Organs

目的比较孕鼠妊娠期不同阶段进行不同程度食物摄入限制对其新生仔鼠体格及重要器官发育的影响。方法将妊娠大鼠随机分为3个模型组和对照组。模型组分别予妊娠全程中度、妊娠后期重度、妊娠中后期重度食物摄入限制。比较各组新生仔鼠的体格发育及重要器官重量及活产小于胎龄(SGA)鼠的发生率。光镜下观察其大脑和胃黏膜组织细胞形态学变化。结果各模型组存活新生鼠体质量、身长、尾长、脑、心、肺、肝、胃、脾、肾重量与对照组比较均有统计学差异(P均<0.05)。妊娠全程中度食物限制法致新生仔鼠SGA发生率最高(62.2%)。模型组SGA鼠大脑和胃黏膜有明显组织细胞形态学变化。结论妊娠全程中度食物摄入限制法可获得较高的SGA发生率和活产率。孕期食物摄入限制可致新生仔鼠脑、胃等器官出现组织形态学变化。

Objective To compare the effects of different maternal rats food restriction on newborn rats. Methods Pregnant rats were randomly divided into 4 groups： 3 model groups and control group. The model groups were given middling food restriction throughout pregnancy, severe food restriction from pregnant day 14, severe food restriction from pregnant day 7, respectively. Effects of maternal rats food restriction on newborn rats in growth,main organs weight,and small for gestational age（SGA） occurrence were compared. And histiocyte morphology of cerebra and stomach were observed. Results The weight, height, trail length, and weight of cerebra, heart, lung, liver, stomach, spleen, and kidney of newborn rats in model groups were significantly different from those in control group（all P 〈 0.05 ）. SGA risk was the highest（62.2% ） in middling food restriction throughout pregnancy model group. Histiocyte morphology changes were observed in cerebra and stomach mucous membrane in model SGA rats. Conclusions Middling food restriction throughout pregnancy is a good method to construct intrauterine growth retardation（IUGR） model. Food restriction during pregnany will result in histiocyte morpbology changes with cerebra and stomach in newborn rats.