蕨游动精细胞的研究

THE MOTILE SPERM CELLS OF PTERIDIUM AQUILINUM (L.) KUHN. VAR. LATIUSCULUM (DESV.) UNDERW

电镜研究表明蕨（Ｐｔｅｒｉｄｉｕｍａｑｕｉｌｉｎｕｍ（Ｌ．）Ｋｕｈｎ．Ｖａｒｌａｔｉｕｓｃｕｌｕｍ（Ｄｅｓｖ．）Ｕｎｄｅｒｗ）精细胞在发育早期为多角形细胞，具有细胞壁、多层结构和微管，但不具鞭毛，核圆形或椭圆形。随着精细胞的发育，质膜退缩远离细胞壁，在细胞壁和质膜之间留下一个空间，细胞核螺旋化并有大量鞭毛形成，最后精细胞发育形成具有鞭毛的游动精子。移动精子缺乏细胞壁，但细胞中含有丰富的淀粉粒，游动精子游动一段后淀粉消失。研究表明蕨精细胞的运动与多层结构、线粒体、鞭毛以及淀粉有关，而微管在维持游动精子螺旋形结构方面起了十分重要的作用。

The sperm cells of Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn.Var.Latiusculum (Desv.)Undrw were studied with electronic microscopy.They are polygon in shape at early stage.Cell wall, multilayered structure and microtubule are observed,but lacking flagellum.The nucleus in the center of sperm cell is round or ellipse.As development of sperm cell, plasma membrane begnis to recede slowly.There is a space between cell wall and plasma membrane.The nucleus becomes spiral. At the same time, a lot of flagella appear. Lastly, sperm cells form spermatozoid with flagellum. Spermatozoid is short of cell wall.However,there are many starch grains in spermatozoid. Starch grains disappear after the locomotion of spermatozoid.The present study shows that the movement of spermatozoid has relation to multilayered structure,mitochondria, flagellum and starch grains. However, it seems that the microtubule has an important role in maintaining the spiral shape of the spermatozoid.