新疆准噶尔盆地南缘土壤生物结皮中地衣物种组成和分布

Species composition and distribution of lichens in soil crust of southern fringe of Zhungeer basin in Xinjiang

对新疆准噶尔盆地沙漠南缘土壤生物结皮中地衣种类及分布特征进行了初步研究。结果表明,该地区参与土壤生物结皮的有藓生双缘衣〔D iploschistes muscorum(Schreb.)Norm.〕、拟橙衣〔Fulgensia bracteata(Hoffm.)Raws.〕、丽石黄衣〔Xanthoria elegans(L ink)Th.Fr〕、准噶尔橙衣(Caloplaca songoricumA.Abbas)和磷网衣〔Psoradecipiens(Ehrh.)Hoffm.〕等13种地衣,分别属于5目10科。对其分布特征进行了分析,发现地衣的分布与苔藓有相关性;地衣的分布受到环境温度、太阳辐射强度和降水量等因素的影响。聚类分析结果表明,24个样方可分为3组,分别分布于沙丘底部、顶部和中部,其中分布于沙丘底部的样方地衣种类的多样性最高。

Lichen species having key contribution for formation of soil crust in southern fringe of Zhungeer basin in Xinjiang were analyzed. Thirteen lichen species belonging to 5 orders and 10 families, including Diploschistes muscorum （Schreb.） Norm., Fulgensia bracteata （Hoffm.） Raws. , Xanthoria elegans （Link） Th. Fr, Caloplaca songoricum A. Abbas, Psora decipiens （ Ehrh. ） Hoffm. , etc. were isolated and identified from soil crust. It was found that there were closely relationship between lichen species and solar radiation, temperature, soil moisture and precipitation. The results of cluster analysis showed that twenty-four sample plots could be divided into 3 groups： group 1 distributing in bottom of sand dune; group 2 distributing in top of sand dune; group 3 distributing in middle and across of sand dune. Lichen diversity and similarity index of group 1 were higher than that of other two groups.