基于时间的供应商管理库存整合补货模式下的牛鞭效应研究

Bullwhip effect in time-based VMI consolidation replenishment policy

为比较基于时间的供应商管理库存整合补货模式和传统补货模式对零售业供应链中牛鞭效应的影响,概述了供应商管理库存在零售业供应链中的应用情况,构建了两种补货模式的系统动力学模型。通过仿真,定量地比较了两种补货模式中供应商和零售商对泊松流随机需求输入的订单响应率的波动。另外,为了比较基于时间的供应商管理库存整合补货模式下补货周期对牛鞭效应的影响,通过改变参数设置模拟了不同补货周期下供应商和零售商的订单响应率波动。结果显示,与传统模式相比,基于时间的供应商管理库存整合补货对牛鞭效应有明显的改善;供应商管理库存整合补货的补货周期对牛鞭效应存在明显的影响,较长周期下的牛鞭效应相对于较短周期要严重。

To compare the Bullwhip Effect （BE） between a time-based Vendor Management Inventory （VMI） consolidation replenishment policy and a traditional replenishment policy, the application of VMI in retail sales was reviewed and simulation models of two policies were constructed based on system dynamics. Then, the order response rate of vendor and retailer in the two polices to a Poisson input was quantitatively compared through dynamic simulation. In addition, to compare the effect of replenishment cycle on the BE in time-based VMI consolidation replenishment policy, the order response rate of vendor and retailer to a Poisson input was simulated under different replenishment cycles. The results showed that a time-based VMI consolidation replenishment policy could strikingly alleviate the negative BE existing in a traditional replenishment policy, and the BE under a long replenishment cycle was more serious than under a short replenishment cycle.