近距离煤层开采侧向支承压力分布的相似模拟试验研究

Similar Simulation Study on Abutment Pressure Distribution at Close-Distance Seams

采用相似模拟的方法,以平顶山八矿己二采区己15和己16-17煤层实际地质资料为基础,分析了近距离煤层上煤层开采时,在上煤层采场两侧向的支承压力分布及集中程度、峰值距煤壁的距离、支承压力的影响范围;一定范围内底板中集中应力的传递及渐衰减特征.研究了上煤层开采后下煤层开采过程中,采煤工作面两侧应力降低区范围、峰值应力的位置、应力集中的程度以及与上煤层开采时的对比关系.作者认为,下煤层开采后上覆顶板岩层受到二次扰动,其破坏移动主要是沿原有破裂面滑移,由于剪胀的作用,上覆岩层能够形成面接触的覆岩基本结构特征.根据模拟结果得出:特定开采条件下,上部或下部不同煤层采煤工作面侧向卸压区范围.该结果对区段巷道布置有一定的参考价值.

By means of similar simulation, lateral abutment pressure distribution and concentration degree which at the face of the upper coal, the distance between peak stress and coal surface, the influence circle of abutment pressure, and the transfer and weakening of concentrated pressure at the bottom side are analyzed on actual geology data in Pingdingshan 8^th mine F15 and F16-17. The range of pressure reducing at the lower coal side-face, the position of peak stress, the concentration degree of pressure during mining the lower coal after mining the upper coal, and the relation of them are studied. Because the upper rocks are influenced after the mining lower coal, they glide along the primary bursting surface, and the upper rock layers can form surface-contact fabric by its shear and bulge function. According to simulated results, we can get the range of side pressure relief at the mining face, at the upper coal or the lower coal under the peculiar condition. These results are very usefully to arrange tunnels.