赤霉素诱导下热激对打破马铃薯块茎休眠及发芽率的影响

Effect of heat shock on breaking tuber dormancy induced by gibberellic acid in potato

为了研究赤霉素诱导条件下,热激对打破马铃薯块茎休眠及发芽的影响,以早熟(宁薯10号)、中熟(宁薯8号)、晚熟(8708-60)3个马铃薯品种为材料进行了不同热激温度对不同品种马铃薯块茎打破休眠和芽眼萌发率的影响.研究结果表明,品种不同对块茎发芽天数不产生显著影响,不同热激处理对块茎发芽天数有显著影响(P<0.01),平均发芽天数最短的热激处理为42℃→0℃及42℃→5℃,平均发芽天数为14.7 d.在此试验条件下获得较高发芽率的适宜热激处理温度为早熟品种28℃→0℃,中熟品种32℃→5℃,晚熟品种28℃→0℃和32℃→5℃,其平均发芽率为55%.发芽率和发芽天数之间存在显著相关(P<0.01),发芽所需天数越短发芽率越低.

To reveal the effect of heat shock on breaking dormancy of potato tuber induced by gibberellic acid, this experiment was carried out with three potato cultivars. The result indicated that there was no significant effect on the cultivars of duration for the eye bud germination. A significant difference was found on durations of the tuber bud germination between cultivars after the tubers were treated with different levels of heat shocks（P〈0.01）. The shortest duration, 14.7 days, was obtained by treatments of 42 ℃→0 ℃ and 42 ℃→5 ℃ in this case. The optimized treatment was 28 ℃→0 ℃ for the early mature cultivars, 32 ℃→5 ℃ for the middle mature cultivars, 28 ℃→0 ℃ and 32 ℃→5 ℃ for the late mature cultivars, which lead to 55% germination ratio. Moreover, a significant correlation was found between the duration and the ratio of the eye bud germination, of which the longer duration of bud germination resulted in a lower ratio of germination.