苏云金芽孢杆菌的分离与鉴定

Isolation and Identification of Bacillus thuringensis

苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,Bt)自1901年被日本学者发现以来,由于在生物防治中的突出作用,受到世界各国的极大关注。作为基础性研究,Bt的分离与鉴定在发现新型cry蛋白基因与应用方面起着举足轻重的作用。各国对Bt的研究从最初的被感染宿主体内分离到土壤资源的发掘,从生物测定到血清型、基因型的划分,以及转基因产品的问世,均体现出全球农业对高毒力、新型广谱抗虫Bt的需求。综述了Bt的分离与鉴定方法。

Due to the insecticide properties, Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt）has-been used commercially in biological control of pests since it was detected. Because of its inportance in agriculture, the classification and identification of Bt and cry gene were important for the investigation of diversity of Bt resource, the screen of new Bt strain with high or novel insecticidal activity and the clone of new cry gene predicting. In this review, the classification of Bt strains and cry genes, and the identification method of cry genes were discussed.