简论耕地生态外溢效益的经济评价

Monetary Evaluation of the Ecological Benefit of Cultivated Land

耕地既具有生产功能,又具有生态环境功能,而后者由于具有一定的公共物品的属性,市场往往不能准确反映甚至是完全忽略其价值,导致农民对保护耕地失去积极性,加速了耕地的农转非。在社会经济飞速发展的今天,耕地保护与工业化、城市化用地的矛盾日益突出。为把耕地外部性问题内部化,有必要对耕地生态外溢效益进行评价。通过直接和间接的评价方法,试图以货币形式对耕地生态外溢效益进行测度。

The cultivated land has both productive function and ecological function. As its ecological function has more or less the properties of public goods, its value couldn＇t be objectively reflected in the market, or even be ignored wholly, which leads to the peasants losing the incentive to protect the cultivated land. The result accelerated the changing speed from the cultivated land to construction land. How to internalize the externalities of the cultivated land？ By using both direct and indirect evaluation approaches, the author tried to evaluate the ecological benefits of the cultivated land monetarily.